Source: http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/07/130710141901.htm
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বুধবার, ১০ জুলাই, ২০১৩
IBEX spacecraft images the heliotail, revealing an unexpected structure
[unable to retrieve full-text content]NASA's Interstellar Boundary Explorer spacecraft recently provided the first complete pictures of the solar system's downwind region, revealing a unique and unexpected structure.
'Scent device' aims to sniff out bladder cancer
Bladder cancer kills more than 15,000 Americans each year, and is expected to cause about 73,000 new cancer cases in 2013.
Researchers report they have developed a "scent device" called the Odoreader that they hope may prove to be a reliable way to sniff out cancer in patients' urine before it becomes a serious problem.
The Odoreader device correctly predicted 100 percent of bladder cancer cases from urine samples tested, researchers reported.
(Credit: University of Liverpool)More than 500,000 bladder cancer survivors live in the U.S., according to the American Cancer Society. Nine out of 10 of those affected are 55 years of age or older.
"It is a disease that, if caught early, can be treated effectively, but unfortunately we do not have any early screening methods other than diagnosis through urine tests at the stage when it starts to become a problem," study researcher Dr. Chris Probert, a professor at the University of Liverpool's Institute of Translational Medicine in the U.K., said in a news release.
Most cases of bladder cancer begin in cells that line the inside of the bladder, the Mayo Clinic notes. It can cause symptoms like blood in the urine, frequent or painful urination, and back and pelvic pain.
The BRCA biomarker is sometimes used to screen for risk of breast and ovarian cancers. But, currently there are aren't reliable biomarkers -- or measurable molecular signs of a disease -- that can be used to screen for bladder cancer, according to the study authors.
That's where the Odoreader could come in.
Previous research suggests dogs can successfully sniff out bladder cancer, as 60 Minutes reported in 2005. Dogs are now being utilized by some health care facilities to try and spot other types of cancers, including ovarian types.
The researchers speculated the dogs were picking up the scents of certain gasses emitted by urine. They built a device that contains a sensor that can analyze the gases and create a readout of the chemicals found in the urine within 30 minutes.
They tested it on 24 samples taken from patients with confirmed cases of bladder cancer and 74 samples from patients who had urological symptoms, but no confirmed cancer. The Odoreader correctly picked 100 percent of the cancer patients.
The study was published July 8 in PLoS One.
Prober added that bladder cancer can be expensive to treat because of multiple scopes required to track the cancer's development, so the new test may dramatically cut costs.
Other ways to diagnose bladder cancer include a cytoscope tube with a lens inserted through the urethra under local anesthesia, imaging tests of the urinary tract, a biopsy or a urine test to look for presence of cancer cells, according to the Mayo Clinic.
"The researchers say that the test would be around 96% accurate in practice and their findings are only based on a relatively small number of samples, taken only from men," Dr. Sarah Hazell, senior science communications officer at the nonprofit Cancer Research U.K., said to the BBC.
She added while the work is promising, there's still a ways to go.
"It is another promising step towards detecting bladder cancer from urine samples, something that would ultimately provide a less invasive means of diagnosing the disease," she commented.
This story originally appeared as "Scent device ODOREADER may sniff out bladder cancer" on CBSNews.com.
Source: http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/cnet/JhqR/~3/WNXCP1rdBzk/
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'Drone It Yourself' turns (not quite) anything into a quadcopter
drones 
6 hours ago
Jasper Van Loenen
The drone kit applied to a keyboard.
If you want a drone but you feel all the existing options aren't quite your style, you may want to give a "Drone It Yourself" kit a try. Clip the rotors and power supply to your phone or book or cardboard box or piece of toast, and watch it take flight!
Everything required appears in that stylish case below: four rotors, a power supply and flight control unit. The idea is to just unpack it, assemble and attach to the lucky item that will be your new drone body. It won't support anything that weighs more than a couple of pounds, though: Drones have to be light to get off the ground, so your dreams of flying toasters may go unfulfilled for now.
Jasper Van Loenen
The full kit, with 3-D printed pieces and motorized parts.
It's not for sale just yet, but the kit is really nothing more than 3-D printed parts that attach with clamps. And the creator, Jasper Van Loenen, has made the printer files available, so you can make them yourself.
Some expertise is required, of course. Your paperback or toy car may not handle as well as an item that was actually meant to fly. But it could be a fun project for the savvy RC and 3-D printing fans out there to try on a summer afternoon.
Devin Coldewey is a contributing writer for NBC News Digital. His personal website is coldewey.cc.
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মঙ্গলবার, ৯ জুলাই, ২০১৩
Pilot interviews key to answers in SFO crash
SOUTH SAN FRANCISCO, Calif. (AP) ? Asiana Airlines Flight 214 was 500 feet up and about a half-minute from San Francisco International Airport when its speed dropped below the threshold for a safe landing speed. It continued slowing until just about 8 seconds before touch down when pilots recognized the need for more speed and throttled up.
But it already was too late. By the time the engines started adding speed, the hulking Boeing 777 was barely above San Francisco Bay and the plane clipped the seawall at the end of the runway, slammed down and spun, then caught fire. Incredibly, only two of the 307 people on board died, and most of the survivors suffered little or no injuries.
The head of the National Transportation Safety Board on Monday revealed additional details about the final seconds before Saturday's crash but what remained unknown was why the pilots didn't react sooner.
Some of those answers are expected to come Tuesday, after details emerge from U.S. and Korean joint interviews with the pilots that began Monday.
Choi Jeong-ho, a senior official for South Korea's Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport, told reporters in a briefing Tuesday in South Korea that investigators from both countries quizzed two of the four Asiana pilots, Lee Gang-guk and Lee Jeong-min, on Monday, and they planned to quiz the two other pilots and air controllers Tuesday.
Choi said recorded conversation between the pilots and air controllers at the San Francisco airport would be investigated, too.
"I think this accident is going to go down as a textbook case study on what they call Cockpit Resource Managements, which is a fancy way of saying how the pilots talk to each other and identify solutions," said former NTSB managing director Peter Goelz.
He said it's very helpful, and not all that common after a major crash, to have pilots to interview.
"It's always good to have survivors," he said.
As for the interviews, "The reality is this is not going to be an interrogation," he said. "The NTSB will ask them to tell us in your own words what was going on. The investigators will have some advantage, they'll have some information from voice recorder. But it's not a cross examination, it's an effort to understand what the pilot remembers and what he remembers saying and doing."
He said there is a possibility a license could be revoked, or fines or penalties issued.
"The FAA will take a look at this going down the road and see if there were any egregious violations," he said.
The challenge for authorities this week is to discover what decisions were made in the cockpit of the giant jet, where an experienced pilot was learning his way around a new aircraft and fellow pilots were supposed to be monitoring his actions. Questions include whether all four pilots were in the cockpit, as expected, or just the trainee and his trainer, both experienced pilots.
In addition, authorities were reviewing the initial rescue efforts after fire officials acknowledged that one of their trucks may have run over one of the two Chinese teenagers killed in the crash. The students, Wang Linjia and Ye Mengyuan, were part of a larger group headed for a Christian summer camp with dozens of classmates.
National Transportation Safety Board Chairman Deborah Hersman said investigators reviewed flight data and watched airport surveillance video to determine whether an emergency vehicle ran over one of students. But they have not reached any firm conclusions. A county coroner said he would need at least two weeks to rule in the matter.
The teens had been seated in the rear of the aircraft, where many of the most seriously injured passengers were seated, Hersman said. Their bodies were found on the tarmac.
The investigators found traces of fire on the left side of the exterior parts of the plane's right engine, according to a statement from South Korea's Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport. They also detected a skid mark at the runway, it said.
The NTSB also said part of the jet's tail section was found in San Francisco Bay, and debris from the seawall several hundred feet down the runway, indicating the plane hit the seawall on its approach.
Two other South Korean investigators ? one from the government and one from Asiana ? left for Washington to take part in an analysis of the plane's black box, and they are to arrive in Washington 11:20 a.m. local time Tuesday, the statement said.
The airline acknowledged Monday in Seoul that the pilot at the controls had little experience flying that type of plane and was landing one for the first time at that airport.
Asiana spokeswoman Lee Hyomin said pilot Lee Gang-guk had logged nearly 10,000 hours operating other planes but had only 43 hours in the 777, a plane she said he still was getting used to flying.
It was unclear whether the other two pilots were in the cockpit, which seats four. But that would be standard procedure at the end of a long international flight.
More than 180 people aboard the plane went to hospitals with injuries. But remarkably, more than a third didn't even require hospitalization.
The passengers included 141 Chinese, 77 South Koreans, 64 Americans, three Canadians, three Indians, one Japanese, one Vietnamese and one person from France.
South Korea officials said 39 people remained hospitalized in seven different hospitals in San Francisco. South Korean officials and 62 workers from Asiana and 30 from United Airlines are assisting the injured passengers and their family members.
The flight originated in Shanghai, China, and stopped over in Seoul, South Korea, before making the nearly 11-hour trip to San Francisco.
___
Associated Press writers Jason Dearen, Terry Collins, Paul Elias, Lisa Leff and Sudhin Thanawala in San Francisco, Joan Lowy in Washington, Gillian Wong and Didi Tang in Beijing, and Hyung-jin Kim in Seoul contributed to this report.
Source: http://news.yahoo.com/pilot-interviews-key-answers-sfo-crash-084528576.html
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[Research Article] Estrogen Alters the Splicing of Type 1 Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone Receptor in Breast Cancer Cells
Sci. Signal., 2 July 2013
Vol. 6, Issue 282, p. ra53
[DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2003926]
Suchita Lal1, Anna Allan1, Danijela Markovic2, Rosemary Walker3, James Macartney1, Nick Europe-Finner4, Alison Tyson-Capper4, and Dimitris K. Grammatopoulos1*
1 Division of Metabolic and Vascular Health, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK.
2 Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.
3 Department of Cancer Studies & Molecular Medicine, Clinical Sciences Building, University of Leicester, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester LE2 7LX, UK.
4 Reproductive and Vascular Biology Group, Institute of Cellular Medicine, The Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK.
Abstract: Hormonal stress response is associated with the pathogenesis of disease, including cancer. The role of the stress hormone CRH (corticotropin-releasing hormone) in breast cancer is complex, and its abundance and biological activity may be modulated by estrogen. In the estrogen receptor?positive (ER+) malignant mammary epithelial cell line MCF7, CRH activated numerous kinases and downstream effectors, at least some of which were mediated by the CRH receptor type 1 (CRH-R1). CRH also increased the transcription of many genes that encode effectors, transcriptional targets, or regulators associated with estrogen signaling. Estrogen increased the abundance of the mRNA encoding CRH-R2 and an alternative splice variant encoding CRH-R1 in which exon 12 was deleted [CRH-R1(
12)]. Estrogen inhibited the expression SRSF6, which encodes serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 55 (SRp55). An increase in CRH-R1(12), in response to either estrogen or SRp55 knockdown, dampened the cellular response to CRH and prevented its inhibitory effects on cell invasion. SRp55 knockdown also induced additional splicing events within exons 9 to 12 of CRH-R1, whereas overexpression of SRp55 prevented estrogen-induced generation of CRH-R1(12). ER+ breast tumors had increased CRH-R2 and CRH-R1(12) mRNA abundance, which was associated with decreased abundance of the mRNA encoding SRp55, compared with the amounts in ER? tumors, suggesting that estrogen contributes to the pathophysiology of ER+ breast cancer by altering CRH receptor diversity and disrupting CRH-mediated signaling.
* Corresponding author. E-mail: d.grammatopoulos{at}warwick.ac.uk
Citation: S. Lal, A. Allan, D. Markovic, R. Walker, J. Macartney, N. Europe-Finner, A. Tyson-Capper, D. K. Grammatopoulos, Estrogen Alters the Splicing of Type 1 Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone Receptor in Breast Cancer Cells. Sci. Signal. 6, ra53 (2013).
Source: http://stke.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/6/282/ra53?rss=1
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Scientists decipher cellular 'roadmap' of disease-related proteins
[unable to retrieve full-text content]Researchers are helping demystify an important class of proteins associated with disease, a discovery that could lead to better treatments for cancer, cystic fibrosis and many other conditions.
Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/top_news/~3/jsHpnA4rNJQ/130707162956.htm
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সোমবার, ৮ জুলাই, ২০১৩
Total, CEO Acquitted in Iraq Oil-for-Food Case
PARIS--A French court Monday acquitted energy giant Total SA (TOT) and its chief executive of corruption and embezzlement in a case arising from the United Nations-sponsored oil-for-food program in Iraq.
The Paris court also dismissed corruption charges against the 18 other defendants in the case, including a former minister and a former French ambassador.
Total and its chairman and CEO, Christophe de Margerie, faced accusations of having paid kickbacks to Iraqi civil servants to buy oil in violation of the rules of the oil-for-food program. The program was designed to let Iraq raise money to feed its people from 1996 to 2003 when Saddam Hussein was still in power.
"The trial showed that the charges were groundless," Total lawyer Jean Veil said.
Mr. de Margerie and the other defendants have repeatedly denied any wrongdoing in the case.
Paris prosecutors, who had recommended hitting Total with the maximum possible fine of 750,000 euros ($962,000), have 10 days to decide whether to appeal Monday's ruling.
The oil-for-food program allowed Iraqi authorities to sell about $65 billion worth of crude oil to buy primary goods and mitigate the impact on the Iraqi population of an international embargo and sanctions in place at the time. The proceeds were also used to pay damages to Kuwait following the Iraqi invasion of the country in 1991.
A 2005 review of the program, conducted by an independent panel headed by former Federal Reserve Chairman Paul Volcker, derided management of the program as corrupt and inefficient. The report found that mismanagement and criminality allowed the Hussein regime to wring $10.2 billion out of the system through a combination of smuggling and illicit kickbacks and surcharges.
Write to Geraldine Amiel at geraldine.amiel@dowjones.com
Subscribe to WSJ: http://online.wsj.com?mod=djnwires
(END) Dow Jones Newswires
July 08, 2013 11:35 ET (15:35 GMT)
Copyright (c) 2013 Dow Jones & Company, Inc.
Source: http://www.euroinvestor.com/news/2013/07/08/total-ceo-acquitted-in-iraq-oil-for-food-case/12401587
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